Ecosystem Targets and Supporting Indicators

Riparian Buffer Extent

Increase the percent area of natural vegetation within 300 feet of any stream or lake in the Connecticut and New York portions of the Long Island Sound watershed to 75% (1,030 square miles of natural vegetation) by 2035 from 2010 baseline of 65%.

View Implementation Actions for Riparian Buffer Extent
Percent of natural vegetation in the 300-foot riparian buffer by watershed at HUC-12 scale.

Show/Hide Table Data

Progress

 

Total Area of Vegetation Along 300-foot Riparian Corridor (sq miles)
NY (vegetated)CT (vegetated)Total NY/CT (vegetated)Total NY/CT (vegetated&developed)% NY/CT (vegetated)
198558.9950.11008.91465.368.9
201557.2931.2988.41465.367.5
202357.0927.1984.11465.367.2

Status and Trends

Meeting this target requires an average increase of vegetated riparian buffers of 0.4% per year from 2010-2035. A 25-year dataset up to the baseline year of 2010 indicates that vegetated buffers in riparian zones are declining. In 2010, 64.71 percent  (rounded to 65 percent in the goal) were vegetated. As of 2023, approximately 67% of the riparian buffers in the Long Island Sound portions Connecticut and New York are vegetated.

There are 1,315.1 square miles in Connecticut and 60.1 square miles in New York within 300-foot riparian corridors in the Long Island Sound watershed.

Challenges

Limit development and/or build development with green infrastructure around the shorelines of all water bodies in order to provide a buffer.

How is This Target Measured?

Using satellite imagery and landcover classifications derived from that imagery the quantity of vegetated land cover is summarized with in the 300-foot riparian buffer and compared to the total riparian buffer available.

Importance

Riparian zones, a corridor or strip of land of a specified width along streams and waterways, with native vegetation and soils are the first line of defense against the impacts of impervious surfaces such as streets and parking lots.

Natural riparian areas slow runoff, protect shorelines from erosion, aid in flood control, and filter or trap pollutants. They also provide habitat and corridors for wildlife, as well as shade waters for fisheries enhancement. Additionally, intact riparian corridors may provide scenic value and recreational opportunities.

The natural or vegetated portion of riparian corridors is sometimes referred to as riparian buffers.

Additional Information

There are very few sub-watersheds in Long Island Sound with sufficient riparian buffers to assure “pristine” water quality of streams and rivers.

The higher the percentage of naturally vegetated land in this buffer zone is, the healthier the stream or river will be. A rough rule of thumb is that a river with >90 percent  of the buffer zone vegetated is considered “pristine”, while a river with <75 percent vegetated buffer is considered “impacted.” The above map showing the health of riparian buffers by subbasin reveals that there are few subbasins with the vegetated cover necessary to be considered pristine.

Contact

Robert Burg, New England Interstate Water Pollution Control Commission
rburg@lispartnership.org

Source of Data

UConn Center for Land Use Education and Research

DATA NOTES

  • The technical explanation on how the target was selected is found in Appendix B of the Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan.
  • The methodology used to define the baseline is described at the UConn CLEAR website. and was based on the CLEAR created data set known as the Changing Landcover data set.
  • The analysis of 1985, 2015 and 2023 presented here was an updated analysis performed in 2025 by CLEAR through the Partnership with the Annual National Landcover Data. Note the differences in these source datasets, may not be directly comparable. However, the decreasing quantity between the years is consistent and it is clear that the 75% metric has not been obtained.

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